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|Section2= |Section3= |Section7= }} Sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3), also spelled sodium thiosulphate, is an inorganic compound that is typically available as the pentahydrate, Na2S2O3·5H2O. The solid is an efflorescent (loses water readily) crystalline substance that dissolves well in water. It is also called sodium hyposulfite or “hypo”.〔J. J. Barbera, A. Metzger, M. Wolf "Sulfites, Thiosulfates, and Dithionites" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2012, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. 〕 It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most important medications needed in a basic health system. ==Medical uses== * It has been used as treatment of calciphylaxis in hemodialysis patients with end-stage kidney disease. There is apparently an incompletely understood phenomenon whereby this causes severe metabolic acidosis in some patients.〔http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/762244〕 * It is used as an antidote to cyanide poisoning. Thiosulfate serves as a sulfur donor for the conversion of cyanide to thiocyanate (which can then be safely excreted in the urine), catalyzed by the enzyme rhodanase. * It is used in the management of extravasations during chemotherapy. Sodium thiosulfate prevents alkylation and tissue destruction by providing a substrate for the alkylating agents that have invaded the subcutaneous tissues. The dose may be 2 ml of 0.17 M (a solution of 4 ml 10% sodium thiosulfate and 6 ml sterile water for injection). It may be instilled subcutaneously into multiple sites using a small-gauge needle. Data are limited on this method with few recommendations. *In foot baths for prophylaxis of ringworm, and as a topical antifungal agent for tinea versicolor. *In measuring the volume of extracellular body fluid and the renal glomerular filtration rate.〔 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「sodium thiosulfate」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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